生活型

shrub

形態特徵

• An undershrub, 1–1.5 m high, glabrous or nearly so, much branched stems greyish-green, partially red, 2-divergent at 2/3 of height.
• Leaves membranaceous, ovate or oblong-lanceolate, 1.5–10.5 cm long, 1.25–5.5 cm wide, slightly oblique, rounded or acuminate-caudate at apex, rounded at base, dentate bitailed, 3–5-nerved, glabrescent on both surfaces; petioles 0.5–5.5 cm long, pubescent above at apex, otherwise glabrous; stipules 2, subulate, 0.6–1.1 cm long.
• Flowers 6 mm long, oppositifolious, 2 in pairs; peduncles very short; pedicels short, 1 mm long; bracteoles few, 1–2.5 cm long; buds green, obovate; sepals 5, glabrous, green, lanceolate, 5–8 mm long, 1.5–2 mm wide, acute at apex, truncate at base, reflexed during anthesis; petals 5, glabrous, yellow, obovate, 4.5–7 mm long, 2–3.5 mm wide, rounded at apex, cuneate and ciliate at base; gonophore short; stamens many; filaments slender, glabrous, 4–6 mm long; ovary cylindric, 2 mm long, 1 mm thick; style slim, long or occasionally short, 1.8 mm long; stigma enlarged, unlobed, papillate.
• Capsules cylindric, 2.5–7 cm long, 0.5-0.6 cm thick, longitudinally 10-ribbed or narrowly winged, glabrous and slightly warty, with apex 1/10 of length not seeded and constricted, slightly 5-dentate at tip, 5-valvate; seeds horizontal, every 20–40 longitudinally in a row between 2 valves, separated by transversal partitions, rhombic-polyhedral, black.

物候

Flowering from October to January.

分布

• 台灣 : in open and waste fields.
• 世界 : Native to India, now commonly naturalized in the tropics.

引證標本

TAIPEI: Chihshanyen, Shimada s. n. 1914. TAICHUNG: Wanshe, Kanehira & Sasaki s. n. 1927. CHIAYI:

參考文獻

• LIU, TANG-SHUI and LO, HANN-CHIANG, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 3: 727. .  (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)